Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Department of Nutrition and Food Science. Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt
2
Graduate student, Nutrition and Food Science Dept., Faculty of Home Economics, Helwan University, Egypt
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a soybean protein diet (SD), BD and a mixture between SD and Casein (1:1w/w), supplemented with 5% cardamom (Car), green coffee (GC) and olive leaves (OL), or a 5% mixture of them, on total protein, albumin and globulin, liver enzymes, and antioxidant enzymes in acute renal failure rats (ARFR). A total of 78 adult male albino rats of the Spragu Dawley strain weighing 200 ± 10 g were used in this study. The rats were divided into two main groups. The first main group (6 rats) was fed on basal diet (BD) and used as a control negative group (-ve). The second main group (72) rats were injected with glycerol to induce acute renal failure. These were divided into (12) subgroups. One of them (6 rats) was fed on (BD) and used as the (+ve) control group. The other subgroups (11 subgroups) were fed on (SD) or (BD) or mixed protein (1:1) from soybean and casein, supplemented with 5% from (Car) , (GC) (OL), or 5% mixture between them for (8 weeks). At the end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized with ether before being sacrificing after fasting overnight. The liver and kidney were removed, then taken and weighted. Blood samples were collected, left to clot, then serum was separated. The serum total protein, albumin and globulin, antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and liver enzymes activities aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amine transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphates (ALP) levels were determined. The obtained results indicated that glycerol injection induced acute renal failure (ARF) led to a significant decrease in BWG% and a significant increase in liver weight% BWG%, while there was no significant difference in FI. Results also revealed that the (+ve) control group recorded a significant decrease in serum, total protein, albumin, globuin, total protein, and antioxidant enzymes (GSH-PX, SOD& CAT) , while induced a significant increase in liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) levels as compared to the (-ve) control group. Our results concluded that dietary treatments with 5% Car , GC or OL (SD) or BD supplement or mixed between (SD plus casein ) (1:1 w/w) supplemented with 5% of (Car,GC or OL) or 5% mixture of (Car , GC or OL) induced a significant increase in TP , Alb and antioxidant enzymes (GSH-Px, SOD and CAT ) , while leading to a significant decrease in liver enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) . The best result induced a significant improvement induced by mixed soybean plus casein (1:1 w/w) supplemented with 5% mixture from ( Car , GC & OL) . This combination can be used to reduce the side effects of kidney and liver toxicity. Therefore, combination treatment with (1:1 w/w) soybean and casein supplemented with a 5% mixture of (Car, GC and OL) may be beneficial for liver and kidney disease can also be used for protection against kidney and liver toxicity.
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